See frumô on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*umô",
"t2": "superlative"
},
"expansion": "+ *-umô (“superlative”)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pr-",
"4": "",
"5": "before, formerly; through, throughout"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr- (“before, formerly; through, throughout”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tm̥mos",
"4": "*-mHo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mHo-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *fr- (“for, forward”) + *-umô (“superlative”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr- (“before, formerly; through, throughout”) (see *per-) + Pre-Germanic *-m̥Hon-, from Proto-Indo-European *-mHo-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an/īn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "frumô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*frumô",
"name": "gem-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frumô",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic ordinal numbers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-umô",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "former"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"comparative"
],
"word": "⇒ Middle English: former"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "forme"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "forma"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "frume"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"topics": [
"origin",
"source"
],
"word": "frome"
},
{
"english": "beginning; prince; originator",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"translation": "beginning; prince; originator",
"word": "fruma"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "froma"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "→ Norwegian: from"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "→ Old Swedish: fromber"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "→ Danish: from"
},
{
"english": "righteous",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "righteous",
"word": "⇒ Middle Low German: vrōme"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"translation": "pious",
"word": "vroom"
},
{
"english": "firm, upright",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "firm, upright",
"word": "⇒ Middle Dutch: vrome"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Dutch",
"Middle"
],
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "vrome"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Fromme"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "fromm"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "→ English: frum"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "frummer"
},
{
"english": "firm, upright",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "firm, upright",
"word": "⇒ Middle High German: vrume"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Scots",
"word": "formar"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old Saxon",
"word": "formo"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old Saxon",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "fruma"
},
{
"sense": "Icelandic",
"word": "frum-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Faroese"
],
"word": "frum-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "frum-"
},
{
"roman": "fruma",
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Swedish",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "from"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Middle Low German",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "vrōme"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old Dutch",
"word": "fruma"
},
{
"roman": "frum",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Yiddish",
"word": "פֿרום"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Middle High German",
"word": "vrome"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Middle High German",
"word": "vrume"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old High German",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "fruma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first"
],
"id": "en-frumô-gem-pro-adj-p5N7ZLjK",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*frumistaz"
},
{
"word": "*furistaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸru.mɔːː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u.mɔːː"
}
],
"word": "frumô"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "former"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Scots",
"word": "formar"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"comparative"
],
"word": "⇒ Middle English: former"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "forme"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "forma"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old Saxon",
"word": "formo"
},
{
"sense": "Icelandic",
"word": "frum-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Faroese"
],
"word": "frum-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "frum-"
},
{
"roman": "fruma",
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "frume"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"topics": [
"origin",
"source"
],
"word": "frome"
},
{
"english": "beginning; prince; originator",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"translation": "beginning; prince; originator",
"word": "fruma"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "froma"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "→ Norwegian: from"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Swedish",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "from"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "→ Old Swedish: fromber"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "pious",
"word": "→ Danish: from"
},
{
"english": "righteous",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"translation": "righteous",
"word": "⇒ Middle Low German: vrōme"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Middle Low German",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "vrōme"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old Saxon",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "fruma"
},
{
"english": "pious",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"translation": "pious",
"word": "vroom"
},
{
"english": "firm, upright",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "firm, upright",
"word": "⇒ Middle Dutch: vrome"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"Dutch",
"Middle"
],
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "vrome"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old Dutch",
"word": "fruma"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Fromme"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "fromm"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "→ English: frum"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "frummer"
},
{
"roman": "frum",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Yiddish",
"word": "פֿרום"
},
{
"english": "firm, upright",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "firm, upright",
"word": "⇒ Middle High German: vrume"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Middle High German",
"word": "vrome"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Middle High German",
"word": "vrume"
},
{
"english": "use, benefit",
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic; Old High German",
"translation": "use, benefit",
"word": "fruma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"id": "before"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*umô",
"t2": "superlative"
},
"expansion": "+ *-umô (“superlative”)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pr-",
"4": "",
"5": "before, formerly; through, throughout"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr- (“before, formerly; through, throughout”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tm̥mos",
"4": "*-mHo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-mHo-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *fr- (“for, forward”) + *-umô (“superlative”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr- (“before, formerly; through, throughout”) (see *per-) + Pre-Germanic *-m̥Hon-, from Proto-Indo-European *-mHo-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an/īn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "frumô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruminē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumīmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*frumô",
"name": "gem-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frumô",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic an/īn-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic ordinal numbers",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-umô",
"Rhymes:Proto-Germanic/u.mɔːː",
"Rhymes:Proto-Germanic/u.mɔːː/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"first"
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*frumistaz"
},
{
"word": "*furistaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸru.mɔːː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u.mɔːː"
}
],
"word": "frumô"
}
Download raw JSONL data for frumô meaning in All languages combined (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.